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Ideas
81
Passages
130
Citations
Works cited (18)
Airs, Waters, and Places13On Ancient Medicine10On the Articulations8Regimen in Acute Diseases6The Book of Prognostics6On Injuries of the Head5On Fractures5The Law5Aphorisms (Section 1)5Regimen in Acute Diseases (Appendix)4Epidemics (Book 1)4Aphorisms (Section 5)3On Surgery2On the Sacred Disease1Aphorisms (Section 6)1On Ulcers1On Fistulae1On Hemorrhoids1
Ideas this author touches 40 Ideas · click an Idea to read in context
Medicine21Animal18Man7Education6Life And Death6Custom And Convention5Knowledge5Sense5Art4Slavery4Experience3Mind3Nature3Progress3Science3Courage2Emotion2Evolution2Opposition2Physics2Punishment2State2Time2Truth2Astronomy1Chance1Change1Element1Family1God1Habit1Hypothesis1Logic1Mechanics1Opinion1Philosophy1Quality1Reasoning1Religion1Sign And Symbol1
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Passages by work
Airs, Waters, and Places11 passages
Airs, Waters, Places, par 9 12d- b s 13b / Prognostics, par 11-12 21c-22b✓ correct
9. The Asclepiadæ would appear to have accommodated and directed their art to this natural Therapia. Hence the advice that convulsions arising from a great hemorrhage, forcibly stopped, should be cured by the abstraction of blood. It is to be regretted that but a few monuments of their practice remain; but these embrace admirable imitations of nature, and the most prudent caution in administering… Read the rest of this passage →
Airs, Waters, Places, par 3 9c- par 46 139b; par 59 139d; par 62-63 139d- 140a✓ correct
3. But how each of the afore-mentioned things should be investigated and explained, I will now declare in a clear manner. A city that is exposed to hot winds (these are between the wintry rising, and the wintry setting of the sun), and to which these are peculiar, but which is sheltered from the north winds; in such a city the waters will be plenteous and saltish, and as they run from an elevated… Read the rest of this passage →
Airs, Waters, Places, par 4-5 lOa-d; par 7, lla-c / Aphorisms, SECT v, par 29-62 138d-139d✓ correct
4. But the following is the condition of cities which have the opposite exposure, namely, to cold winds, between the summer settings and the summer risings of the sun, and to which these winds are peculiar, and which are sheltered from the south and the hot breezes. In the first place the waters are, for the most part, hard and cold. The men must necessarily be well braced and slender, and they… Read the rest of this passage →
Airs, Waters, Places, par 14 15a-b / Sacred Disease, 155d-156a b✓ correct
14. I will pass over the smaller differences among the nations, but will now treat of such as are great either from nature, or custom; and, first, concerning the Macrocephali. There is no other race of men which have heads in the least resembling theirs. At first, usage was the principal cause of the length of their head, but now nature cooperates with usage. They think those the most noble who… Read the rest of this passage →
Airs, Waters, Places, par 1-7 9a-12a passim, par 10-11 13b-14b
1. Whoever wishes to investigate medicine properly, should proceed thus: in the first place to consider the seasons of the year, and what effects each of them produces (for they are not at all alike, but differ much from themselves in regard to their changes). Then the winds, the hot and the cold, especially such as are common to all countries, and then such as are peculiar to each locality. We… Read the rest of this passage →
Airs, Waters, Places, par 16 15d- 16a; par 23 18a-c✓ correct
16. And with regard to the pusillanimity and cowardice of the inhabitants, the principal reason why the Asiatics are more unwarlike and of more gentle disposition than the Europeans is, the nature of the seasons, which do not undergo any great changes either to heat or cold, or the like; for there is neither excitement of the understanding nor any strong change of the body by which the temper… Read the rest of this passage →
Airs, Waters, Places, 6a. 18a-c✓ correct
1. Whoever wishes to investigate medicine properly, should proceed thus: in the first place to consider the seasons of the year, and what effects each of them produces (for they are not at all alike, but differ much from themselves in regard to their changes). Then the winds, the hot and the cold, especially such as are common to all countries, and then such as are peculiar to each locality. We…
Airs, Waters, Places, par 17 16a-b✓ correct
17. In Europe there is a Scythian race, called Sauromatæ, which inhabits the confines of the Palus Mæotis, and is different from all other races. Their women mount on horseback, use the bow, and throw the javelin from their horses, and fight with their enemies as long as they are virgins; and they do not lay aside their virginity until they kill three of their enemies, nor have any connection… Read the rest of this passage →
Airs, Waters, Places, par 10-11 13b-14b / Prognostics 19a-26a,c✓ correct
10. And respecting the seasons, one may judge whether the year will prove sickly or healthy from the following observations: --If the appearances connected with the rising and setting stars be as they should be; if there be rains in autumn; if the winter be mild, neither very tepid nor unseasonably cold, and if in spring the rains be seasonable, and so also in summer, the year is likely to prove… Read the rest of this passage →
Airs, Waters, Places, par 22 17b-18a / Sacred Disease 154a-160d✓ correct
22. And, in addition to these, there are many eunuchs among the Scythians, who perform female work, and speak like women. Such persons are called effeminates. The inhabitants of the country attribute the cause of their impotence to a god, and venerate and worship such persons, every one dreading that the like might befall himself; but to me it appears that such affections are just as much divine… Read the rest of this passage →
Airs, Waters, Places, par 12-24 14b-19a,c✓ correct
12. I wish to show, respecting Asia and Europe, how, in all respects, they differ from one another, and concerning the figure of the inhabitants, for they are different, and do not at all resemble one another. To treat of all would be a long story, but I will tell you how I think it is with regard to the greatest and most marked differences. I say, then, that Asia differs very much from Europe as… Read the rest of this passage →
Cited under: Animal · Astronomy · Courage · Custom And Convention · Evolution · Family · Life And Death · Man · Medicine · Nature · Opposition · Slavery · State
On Ancient Medicine10 passages
Ancient Medicine, par 22 8a-d / . Sacred Disease, 156a✓ correct
22. And it appears to me that one ought also to know what diseases arise in man from the powers, and what from the structures. What do I mean by this? By powers, I mean intense and strong juices; and by structures, whatever conformations there are in man. For some are hollow, and from broad contracted into narrow; some expanded, some hard and round, some broad and suspended, some stretched, some… Read the rest of this passage →
Ancient Medicine, par 19 6d-7b : 172b; CH 16, 180c-181b; BK in, CH 4-5 201b- / Airs, Waters, Places, par 8, 12a-b / Prognos- tics, par 6 20c✓ correct
19. But such defluxions as are determined to the eyes being possessed of strong and varied acrimonies, ulcerate the eyelids, and in some cases corrode the cheeks and parts below the eyes upon which the flow, and even occasion rupture and erosion of the tunic which surrounds the eyeball. But pain, heat, and extreme burning prevail until the defluxions are concocted and become thicker, and… Read the rest of this passage →
Ancient Medicine, par n 4b✓ correct
1. Whoever having undertaken to speak or write on Medicine, have first laid down for themselves some hypothesis to their argument, such as hot, or cold, or moist, or dry, or whatever else they choose (thus reducing their subject within a narrow compass, and supposing only one or two original causes of diseases or of death among mankind), are all clearly mistaken in much that they say; and this is…
Ancient Medicine, par 3-8 Id- 3b, par 13-15 4c-5d / Regimen in Acute Dis- eases, par 4 27c-28a; par 14-17 32c-34c; APPENDIX, par 18 41a-d✓ correct
3. For the art of Medicine would not have been invented at first, nor would it have been made a subject of investigation (for there would have been no need of it), if when men are indisposed, the same food and other articles of regimen which they eat and drink when in good health were proper for them, and if no others were preferable to these. But now necessity itself made medicine to be sought… Read the rest of this passage →
Ancient Medicine, par 1-4 la-2c; par 9 3b-d / Epidemics, BK in, SECT in, par 1 6 S9b-c / Articulations, par 10, 94d / The Law, par 2-5 144b-d✓ correct
1. Whoever having undertaken to speak or write on Medicine, have first laid down for themselves some hypothesis to their argument, such as hot, or cold, or moist, or dry, or whatever else they choose (thus reducing their subject within a narrow compass, and supposing only one or two original causes of diseases or of death among mankind), are all clearly mistaken in much that they say; and this is… Read the rest of this passage →
Ancient Medicine, par 15 5c-d✓ correct
15. I cannot think in what manner they who advance this doctrine, and transfer the Art from the cause I have described to hypothesis, will cure men according to the principle which they have laid down. For, as far as I know, neither the hot nor the cold, nor the dry, nor the moist, has ever been found unmixed with any other quality; but I suppose they use the same articles of meat and drink as… Read the rest of this passage →
Ancient Medicine, par 12 4b-c; par 20-21 7b-8a / Airs, Waters, Places, par 2 9b-c / Regimen in Acute Diseases, par 18 34d- 35b …✓ correct
12. Wherefore, I say, that such constitutions as suffer quickly and strongly from errors in diet, are weaker than others that do not; and that a weak person is in a state very nearly approaching to one in disease; but a person in disease is the weaker, and it is, therefore, more likely that he should suffer if he encounters anything that is unseasonable. It is difficult, seeing that there is no… Read the rest of this passage →
Ancient Medicine, par 20 7b-d / Epidemics, BK i, SECT HI, par i 49c-d / Injuries of the Head, par 20 69d✓ correct
20. Certain sophists and physicians say that it is not possible for any one to know medicine who does not know what man is [and how he was made and how constructed], and that whoever would cure men properly, must learn this in the first place. But this saying rather appertains to philosophy, as Empedocles and certain others have described what man in his origin is, and how he first was made and… Read the rest of this passage →
Ancient Medicine, par 13 4c~5a; par 24 8d-9a,c / Regimen in Acute Diseases, par i 26a-d; par 4-7 27c-29c; par 14-17 32c- 34c; APPENDIX, par n 39c-40b; par 16 40d; par 26-39 43a-44a,c / Fractures, par 27, 85b-c; par 29 85d-86a / Articulations, par 36 101 d; par 63 114d-115b / Aphorisms, SECT n, par 22 132d/ Ulcers, par 1 145a-c; par 4-13 146b-149b / Fistulae, par 2-12 150b-152d / Hemorrhoids, par 2-3 152b,d-153b; par 6-7 153d-154a,c✓ correct
13. But I wish the discourse to revert to the new method of those who prosecute their inquiries in the Art by hypothesis. For if hot, or cold, or moist, or dry, be that which proves injurious to man, and if the person who would treat him properly must apply cold to the hot, hot to the cold, moist to the dry, and dry to the moist--let me be presented with a man, not indeed one of a strong… Read the rest of this passage →
Ancient Medicine, par 14 5a-c; par 1 6 5d-6b; par 19 6d-7b / Fractures, par 31, 87a / Sacred Disease, 159b✓ correct
14. And this I know, moreover, that to the human body it makes a great difference whether the bread be fine or coarse; of wheat with or without the hull, whether mixed with much or little water, strongly wrought or scarcely at all, baked or raw--and a multitude of similar differences; and so, in like manner, with the cake (maza); the powers of each, too, are great, and the one nowise like the… Read the rest of this passage →
Cited under: Animal · Art · Chance · Education · Element · Experience · Knowledge · Life And Death · Logic · Medicine · Opposition · Philosophy · Physics · Progress · Quality · Reasoning · Science · Sense · Truth
On the Articulations5 passages
Articulations, par 8 93c-94b; par 13 96b-c; par 46, 106a / Instruments of✓ correct
8. Wherefore it should be knoAvii that one constitution diflcrs much from another as to the facility with which dislocations in them may be reduced, and one articular cavity difiers much from another, the one being so constructed that the bone readily leaps out of it, and another less so ; but the greatest difference regards the binding together of the parts by the nerves (%«- ments ?) which are… Read the rest of this passage →
Articulations, par 60 113b-d✓ correct
60. If woman with a child have her courses^ it is impossible
that the child can be healthy.
See, in connexion with this Aphorism, Nat. Puer. v, 3 ; I Morb. Mul. xl, 2, 5, 9, 11, xliv, 4, 5, 6, xcix, 2. Theophilus has a very interesting Commentary on this head, in which he states that it is a fact ascertained by experience, that, during pregnancy, there is sometimes a discbarge up to the fifth… Read the rest of this passage →
Articulations, par 52 109b-110a, par 55, lllc; par 58 112b-113a / Aphorisms, SECT i, par 3 131a-b; SECT n, par 49-50 133d✓ correct
52. When, then, a dislocation has not been reduced, but has been misunderstood or neglected, the leg, in walking, is rolled about as is the case with oxen, anct the weight of the body is mostly supported on the sound leg,^ and the liml) at the flank, and the joint where the dislocation has occurred is necessarily hollow and bent, w hile on the soimd side the buttock is neces- sarily rounded.'^… Read the rest of this passage →
Articulations, par 10 94d-95a / The Law, par 3-4 144c-d✓ correct
10. A dislocation may be recognised by the following symptoms : — Since the parts of a man's body are proportionate
37
57S ARTICULATIONS.
to one anotlier, as tlie arms and the legs, the sound shouhl alwaj^s be compared with the unsound, and the unsound with the sound, not paying regard to the joints of other individuals (for one person's joints are more prominent than another's), hut looking… Read the rest of this passage →
Articulations, par 47, 107c✓ correct
47. There are many varieties of curvature of the spine even in persons Avho are in good health ; for it takes place from natural conformation and from habit, and the spine is liable to be bent from old age, and from pains. Gibbosities {or pro- jections backwards) from falls generally take place when one
' It is singular that recent authorities are divided in opinion respecting the com- parative… Read the rest of this passage →
Regimen in Acute Diseases3 passages
Regimen in Acute Diseases, par 3 27a-c 17 PLOTINUS: Third Ennead, TR vin, CH 3-4 130a-131a✓ correct
3. But it appears to me that those things are more especially deserving of being consigned to writing which are undetermined by physicians, notwithstanding that they are of vital importance, and either do much good or much harm. By undetermined I mean such as these, wherefore certain physicians, during their whole lives, are constantly administering unstrained ptisans, and fancy they thus… Read the rest of this passage →
Regimen in Acute Diseases, AP- PENDIX, par 35 43d✓ correct
35. _Mode of distinguishing persons in an hysterical fit._ Pinch them with your fingers, and if they feel, it is hysterical; but if not, it is a convulsion.
36. _To persons in coma_, (dropsy?) give to drink meconium (_euphorbia peplus?_) to the amount of a round Attic _leciskion_ (small acetabulum ).
37. Of squama æris, as much as three specilla can contain, with the gluten of summer wheat:… Read the rest of this passage →
Regimen in Acute Diseases, par (D) 10 GALEN: Natural Faculties, BK i, CH 14, 178d- 179a; CH 16 180c-182b; BK 11, CH 8, 192a-b; CH 9, 199a,c; BK in, CH 10 207b-d✓ correct
Those who composed what are called “The Cnidian Sentences” have described accurately what symptoms the sick experience in every disease, and how certain of them terminate; and in so far a man, even who is not a physician, might describe them correctly, provided he put the proper inquiries to the sick themselves what their complaints are. But those symptoms which the physician ought to know…
The Book of Prognostics5 passages
Prognostics, par i 19a-b; par 25 26a,c✓ correct
1. It appears to me a most excellent thing for the physician to cultivate Prognosis; for by foreseeing and foretelling, in the presence of the sick, the present, the past, and the future, and explaining the omissions which patients have been guilty of, he will be the more readily believed to be acquainted with the circumstances of the sick; so that men will have confidence to intrust themselves… Read the rest of this passage →
Prognostics, par 10 21c✓ correct
10. With regard to sleep--as is usual with us in health, the patient should wake during the day and sleep during the night. If this rule be anywise altered it is so far worse: but there will be little harm provided he sleep in the morning for the third part of the day; such sleep as takes place after this time is more unfavorable; but the worst of all is to get no sleep either night or day; for… Read the rest of this passage →
Prognostics, par 2-3 19b-20b; par" 9 21b-c / Regimen in Acute Diseases, AP- PENDIX, par 9 38b-c / Aphorisms, SECT n, par 44 133c| SECT vi, par 18 140d✓ correct
2. He should observe thus in acute diseases: first, the countenance of the patient, if it be like those of persons in health, and more so, if like itself, for this is the best of all; whereas the most opposite to it is the worst, such as the following; _a sharp nose, hollow eyes, collapsed temples_; _the ears cold, contracted, and their lobes turned out_: _the skin about the forehead being rough,… Read the rest of this passage →
Prognostics, par 23 25a-b / Regimen in Acute Diseases, par 7 28d-29c; APPENDIX, par 2-6 35d-37a; par n 39c-40b; par 24 42d …✓ correct
23. Ulceration of the throat with fever, is a serious affection, and if any other of the symptoms formerly described as being bad, be present, the physician ought to announce that his patient is in danger. Those quinsies are most dangerous, and most quickly prove fatal, which make no appearance in the fauces, nor in the neck, but occasion very great pain and difficulty of breathing; these induce… Read the rest of this passage →
Prognostics 19a-26a,c
1. It appears to me a most excellent thing for the physician to cultivate Prognosis; for by foreseeing and foretelling, in the presence of the sick, the present, the past, and the future, and explaining the omissions which patients have been guilty of, he will be the more readily believed to be acquainted with the circumstances of the sick; so that men will have confidence to intrust themselves…
On Injuries of the Head2 passages
Injuries of the Head, par 1-2 63b,d-64c; par 18 69a-b / Fractures 74b,d-91d✓ correct
1. Men’s heads are by no means all like to one another, nor are the sutures of the head of all men constructed in the same form. Thus, whoever has a prominence in the anterior part of the head (by prominence is meant the round protuberant part of the bone which projects beyond the rest of it), in him the sutures of the head take the form of the Greek letter _tau_, Τ; for the head has the shorter… Read the rest of this passage →
Injuries of the Head, par 18 '69a-b / Articulations, par 12 96a-b; par 29 99c; par 41 103c-104b; par 52-53 109b-llla; par llla-c …✓ correct
18. The bones of children are thinner and softer, for this reason, that they contain more blood [than those of adults]; and they are porous and spongy, and neither dense nor hard. And when wounded to a similar or inferior degree by weapons of the same or even of an inferior power, the bone of a young person more readily and quickly suppurates, and that in less time than the bone of an older… Read the rest of this passage →
On Fractures3 passages
Fractures, par 30 86a-d / Artic- ulations, par 78, 119d b✓ correct
30. In such cases as do not admit of bandaging according to anv of the methods Avliich have been described, or Avhich will be described, great pains should be taken that the fractured part of the body be laid in a right position, and attention should be paid that it may incline upwards rather than down- wards. But if one Avould Avish to do the thing well and dex- terously, it is proper to have… Read the rest of this passage →
Fractures, par i 74b,d-75a / Aphorisms, SECT n, par 50 133d✓ correct
1. I am acquainted with one form in wliicli the shonlder- joiut is dislocated, namely, that into the armpit ; I have never seen it take place upwards nor outwards ; and yet I do not positiAcly affirm whether it might be dislocated in these directions or not, although I have something which 1 might say on this subject. But neither have I ever seen what I considered to be a dislocation forwards.^… Read the rest of this passage →
Fractures, par 31, 87c✓ correct
31. Moreover, the greater part of physicians treat fractures, both with and without an external wound, during the first
' When illustrated l)y a good drawing, as it is in the edition of M. Littre, the description here given is easily understood, and the machine would ai)pear to be an ingenious contrivance well adapted for the purpose of keeping the leg extended. It evidently consisted of two… Read the rest of this passage →
The Law3 passages
The Law, par 2-3 144b-d✓ correct
2. Whoever is to acquire a competent knowledge of medi- cine, ought to be possessed of the following advantages : a natural disposition ; instruction ; a favorable position for the study ; early tuition ; love of labour ; leisure. First of all, a natural talent is required ; for, when Nature opposes, every- thing else is vain ; ])ut when Nature leads the way to what is most excellent, instruction… Read the rest of this passage →
The Law, par 4 144d✓ correct
4. Having brought all these requisites to the study of medi- cine^ and having acquired a true knowledge of it, Ave shall thus, in travelling through the cities," be esteemed physicians not only in name but in reality. But inexperience is a bad treasure, and a bad fund to those who possess it, whether in opinion or reality,^ being devoid of self-reliance and contented- ness, and the nurse both of… Read the rest of this passage →
The Law, par i 144a-b✓ correct
1. Medicine is of all the Arts the most noble; but, owing to the ignorance of those who practise it, and of those who, in- considerately, form a judgment of them, it is at present far behind all the other arts. Their mistake appears to me to arise principally from this, that in the cities there is no punish- ment connected with the practice of medicine (and with it alone) except disgi'ace,^ and… Read the rest of this passage →
Epidemics (Book 1)1 passage
Epidemics, BK in, SECT m, CASE xi 62b-c; CASE xv 63b-c / Sacred Disease, 158a✓ correct
1. In Thasus, early in autumn, the winter suddenly set in rainy before the usual time, with much northerly and southerly winds. These things all continued so during the season of the Pleiades, and until their setting. The winter was northerly, the rains frequent, in torrents, and large, with snow, but with a frequent mixture of fair weather. These things were all so, but the setting in of the… Read the rest of this passage →
Cited under: Medicine
Aphorisms (Section 5)2 passages
Aphorisms, SECT v, par 38 139a✓ correct
38. If, in a woman pregnant with twins, either of her breasts lose its fulness, she will part with one of her children ; and if it be the right breast which becomes slender, it will be the male child, or if the left, the female.
This Aphorism is founded on the physiological notion which generally prevailed in auticpiity, that the uterus consists of two cavities, a right and a left, and that the… Read the rest of this passage →
Aphorisms, SECT vn, par 43 142d
43. If erysipelas of the womb seize a woman with child, it will probably prove fatal.
Galen remarks that not only erysipelas, but also inflammation, when it attacks the impregnated uterus, generally proves fatal. In fact, as stated formerly, all acute diseases which attack pregnant women are usually fatal. See Aph. v, 30 ; I Morb. iii, 9 ; Natur. Mul. xii, 17, 27 ; II Morb. Mul. Iviii, 12,… Read the rest of this passage →
On Surgery2 passages
Surgery, par i 70b✓ correct
1. It is the business of the physician to know, in the first place, things similar and things dissimilar ; those connected with things most important, most easiW known, and in any- wise known ;^ which are to be seen, touched, and heard ; which are to be perceived in the sight, and the touch, and the hearing, and the nose, and the tongue, and the understanding ;" which are to be known by all the… Read the rest of this passage →
Surgery, par 15 73b-c / Frac- tures, par 1-3 74b,d-76a✓ correct
15. But if the clavicle be fractured in the opposite manner (which does not readily happen), so that the fragment of bone connected with the breast is depressed, while the piece con- nected with the acromion is raised up and rides over the other, this case does not require much management, for if the shoulder and arm be let go, the fi'agments of the bone will be adjusted to one another, and an… Read the rest of this passage →
On the Sacred Disease1 passage
Sacred Disease, 160a : 505*19] 27b-c; CH 15 [505^2-506*4] 28c; BK b b✓ correct
It is tlms with regard to the disease called Sacred : it appeal's to me to be nowise more divine nor more sacred than other diseases, but has a natiu'al cause from which it originates like other affections. Men regard its nature and cause as divine from ignorance and wonder_, because it is not at all like to other diseases. And this notion of its divinity is kept up by their inability to…